“in-text citations”

Written Assignment #5: How to synthesize psychological science

DUE DATE: June 19, 2019 before 11:59 PM.

Part 1

READING

For this part, you’ll be reading and writing simultaneously.

a. To learn why it’s important to synthesize psychological science and to learn how to synthesize psychological science, watch the following video, “How to Synthesize Psychological Science.” (A transcript of this video is available here.) Make sure you learn (from the lecture video):

1. the difference between synthesizing psychological science and Mad Libbing it;

2. why it’s preferred to place citations at the end of a sentence (in parentheses);

3. why you should almost always write about behavior and phenomena, not researchers and their studies; and

4. how to synthesize conflicting results (e.g., using “However, …”).

b. To practice synthesizing psychological science: 1. Read the abstract of Plester, Wood, and Joshi’s (2009) article, “Exploring

the Relationship Between Children’s Knowledge of Text Message Abbreviations and School Literacy Outcomes.”

▪ Identify and write down, using only one sentence, this article’s major finding.

2. Read the abstract of Plester’s (2008) article, “Txt Msg N School Literacy: Does Texting and Knowledge of Text Abbreviations Adversely Affect Children’s Literacy Attainment?”

▪ Identify and write down, using only one sentence, this article’s major finding.

3. Read the abstract of Kemp’s (2010) article, “Texting Versus Txtng: Reading and Writing Text Messages, and Links with Other Linguistic Skills.”

▪ Identify and write down, using only one sentence, this article’s major finding.

4. Download and save on your computer this fillable PDF. ▪ Rename the unfilled PDF to be YourLastName_PSY430_

Synthesize_Fillable.pdf. In other words, add your last name to the beginning of the filename.

▪ On your computer, open a PDF writer, such as Preview, Adobe Reader, or the like. Be sure to open your PDF writer app before you open the unfilled PDF from your computer.

Part 1: How to synthesize psychological scienceved onto your computer and re-named.

▪ Use your PDF writer app to fill in the PDF. 5. On the first page of the PDF, fill in the blank spaces with

▪ a first Supporting Sentence, which will be the sentence you created in Step b1 above;

▪ a second Supporting Sentence, which will be the sentence you created in Step b2 above;

▪ a third Supporting Sentence, which will be the sentence you created in Step b3 above; and

▪ a Conclusion Sentence, which you will need to write. ▪ For this assignment, you do not need to use any citations. We will

get to citations later in this unit.

▪ c. To get more practice synthesizing psychological science:

1. Read the abstract of Palmer and Schloss’s (2010) article, “An Ecological Valence Theory of Human Color Preference.” Identify and write down, using only one sentence, the article’s major finding.

2. Read the abstract of Schloss and Palmer’s (2014) article, “The Politics of Color: Preferences for Republican Red versus Democratic Blue.” Identify and write down, using only one sentence, the article’s major finding.

3. Read the abstract of Schloss and Palmer’s (2011) article, “Effects of University Affiliation and ‘School Spirit’ on Color Preferences: Berkeley Versus Stanford.” Identify and write down, using only one sentence, the article’s major finding.

4. On the second page of the fillable PDF, fill in the blank spaces with

▪ a first Supporting Sentence that you created in Step c1. above; ▪ a second Supporting Sentence that you created in Step c2. above; ▪ a third Supporting Sentence that you created in Step c3. above;

and ▪ a Conclusion Sentence. ▪ Again, you don’t need to use any citations; we’ll get to citations

later. d. To get even more practice synthesizing psychological science:

1. Read the abstract of Blom et al.’s (2010) article, “Effectiveness of an Internet Intervention for Family Caregivers of People with Dementia: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.” Identify and write down, using only one sentence, the article’s major finding.

2. Read the abstract of Bonnert et al.’s (2017) article, “Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Adolescents with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Identify and write down, using only one sentence, the article’s major finding.

3. Read the abstract of Kaldo et al.’s (2015) article, “Guided Internet Cognitive Behav, the article’s major finding.

4. Read the abstract of Kypri et al.’s (date) article, “Web-Based Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention for University Students: A Randomized Trial.” Identify and write down, using only one sentence, the article’s major finding.

5. On the the third page of the fillable PDF, fill in the blank spaces with ▪ a first Supporting Sentence that you created in Step d1. above; ▪ a second Supporting Sentence that you created in Step d2. above; ▪ a third Supporting Sentence that you created in Step d3. above; ▪ a fourth Supporting (though potentially conflicting) Sentence that

you created in Step d4. above; and ▪ a Conclusion Sentence. ▪ Again, no citations needed for this assignment.

6. Save your now-completely-filled-in PDF (you will be adding to it).

READING

a. Now, let’s focus on citations.

1. In PSY330, you learned how to create APA-style citations for a reference list. One important thing to know when writing an academic paper to know is how to create “in-text citations”

2. By in-text, we mean a citation that is within the body of a scholarly article or term paper, rather than at the end in the reference list. The two most common elements in an in-text citation are the author name and year of publication (Johnson & Johnson, 2019).

3. However, where the in-text citation comes in a sentence can vary. It might come at the end of a sentence: “Citations are important (Johnson et al., 2019).” Or in the middle: “As suggested by Johnson et al., (2019), citations are important.” Or at the beginning: “Johnson et al, (2019) argued that citations are important.”

4. In this exercise, we’re only focusing on just these kind of in-text citations. 5. The following handout is a good reference with all of the specific rules for

in-text citations “Citation Help for APA, 6th Edition: In-text Citations.” Download this and read through it. You will be referring to it frequently

b. To practice writing in-text citations, open up the fillable PDF you created in Part 1.

Part 2: In-text citations

1. Choose three of your previously written 9 sentences ▪ Re-write that sentence to place the in-text citation at the end of

the sentence in parentheses 2. Choose another three of your previously written 9 sentences.

▪ Re-write that sentence to place the in-text citation at the beginning of the sentence.

3. Choose another three of your previously written 9 sentences. ▪ Re-write that sentence to place the in-text citation in the middle

of the sentence. 4. See the handout (in a5 above) for some examples and specific rules

regarding how to create in-text citations 5. Again, save your filled-in PDF.

READING

a. It’s likely that at some point in your college career, you’ve had someone talk to you (or you read about) plagiarism. But not everyone has had the same level of exposure to this very important topic, so we’ll briefly touch upon it.

1. To refresh your memory about the more common versions of plagiarism, read the appendix from TurnitIn’s (no date) article “The Plagiarism Spectrum.”

2. To learn about more subtle forms of plagiarism, read Azman and Fox’s (2013) PowerPoint, “Understanding Plagiarism … With Some Help from Dr. Seuss.” If you’ve never read Dr. Seuss’s Green Eggs and Ham, or it’s been a long time since you read it (or had it read to you), watch this video prior to read Azman and Fox’s (2013) PowerPoint.

3. To better understand what “common knowledge” is (and the situations in which common knowledge doesn’t need to be cited), read Bowdoin College’s (no date) article, “When to Cite.”

4. Now, go back to the sentences you wrote in Part 1. Based on the criteria laid out by Azman and Fox, check your sentences for any evidence of plagiarism. If you find any plagiarism, change the sentences to eliminate it.

STOP → At this point, y

Now it’s time to put together everything you’ve learned in this Unit and synthesize psychological science from scratch, on your own.

Choose one of the psychological science topics on which you searched Google Scholar for scientific articles in Part 1 of Assignment #3: How to Find and Read Psychological Science (recall that you found and read three articles each for each of two different topics)

1. Locate on your c