Vladimir Putin
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Running head: VLADIMIR PUTIN
2
VLADIMIR PUTIN
Vladimir Putin
Derrick Underwood
Waldorf University
Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Putin is the leader of Russia and was born in 1952 in a place in Leningrad, which is now known as St. Petersburg. Putin graduated from Leningrad State University (Streissguth, 2005). He began his career as an intelligence officer in the KGB in Russia was an intelligence unit in Russia (Rosenberg, 2008). Putin’s career started to change for the better when he rose to the top ranks of the government of Russia, he joined President Boris Yeltsin’s government in 1998, and later the following year in 1999 he became the prime minister thereafter taking over as president (Truscott, 2005). President Boris Yeltsin’s resigned leaving room for Putin to act as president until early 2000 when the official elections were held. (Lynch, 2011)
When Putin became president in 2000, he announced his declaration that his goal involved “dictatorship of law”, this came to pass as its was exercised in his endeavor to overcome the federal’s legal fragmentation of Russia. However, when Putin’s leadership came to pursuing goal of the Russian empire, the system ruled by law instead of ensuring that rule of law was observed.
Putin is best known for being a KGB agent for the role he carried out while working as an agent in Russia. Putin as the Russian president plays a significant role in handling and dealing with the affairs of the world. Therefore, to be able to understand the politics by Putin it is also essential to understand feature of the country Russia. The style that was used by Putin in running of Russia was that of ensuring that independent players have been eliminated while on the other hand dependent players were encouraged through competition. The role of Putin between the dependent who, were in competition and independent was like that of a referee hence making his role irreplaceable.
Putin is a leader who has displayed a good understanding of the Art of power this is because after Putin’s term had expired, he was appointed as Russia’s prime minister in 2008 for the second time, as history would repeat itself. In 2012 the Russians went into elections, Putin was also part of the candidates vying for presidency to the surprise of many .He was able to retain his hold on power, as he was reelected as president again in 2012.Putin had been forced to resign due to the country’s term limits however his protégé Dmitry Medvedev played the part of securing the office for him.
The style of leadership by Putin was an autocratic form. This was a leadership style in which one leader has complete power and control over the work area. Autocratic form of leadership can be impressive where decisions are supposed to be made without any delays. In an autocratic form of leadership decisions are made only by the person in power and not everyone get a chance to participate in decision making. Regarding power in Russia autocracy and orthodoxy were the pillars of the empire; this was however only according to real Russian men
Putin is a very complicated person who is also hard to understand him, he is secretive this was due to his former job as a KGB colonel. Putin came to power with the intent of restoring of the state; he says that the young Russians were suffering from moral vacuum that came about because of the collapse of Soviet Union in 1991.
Putin as a world leader and president of Russia he has been able to attain a great deal of success regarding him pursuing his own aims: mass support, a free hand on internal affairs, centralized authority and lastly the most important: he has managed to maintain a firm grip on his leadership in Russia.
Personality Traits
Lewis Goldberg confirmed that leaders should be open. Openness, in this case, refers to leader’s mental and intellectual life. For any leader to be successful, they must attempt to be creative and imaginative. Insightfulness, originality and daring character make individuals stand out (Fair Holm, 2009). Vladimir Putin is not only curious and creative, but he was also fearless, His attempt to clinch the top seat on the land became possible because he had traits of being bold and he was willing to think outside the box. Putin grew during World War II, and Leningrad leadership shaped him a lot (Truscott, 2005). This factor explains why Putin is not understood well, by policymakers and leaders from the west. Putin is altogether intellectual and insightful. He is imaginative, and he knows how to use words and gestures. Though Putin is not well understood and exhibits many faces, his intellectual life shapes world foreign policy. A perfect example is how he handles Russian cyber warfare in U.S election conflict and the Syrian crisis (Judge & Zapata, 2015).
Conscientiousness is a trait that describes leader’s ability to behave in a goal-oriented manner. Leaders should act with discipline and work according to prescribed rules and plans. Consistency and resourcefulness in behavior make leaders be able to work according to their plans. Putin is not only persevering but also energetic in pursuit of what he desires. Being a controlled and ambitious person, he enjoys support from Russian population and countries like China. Putin is a diplomat, and he influences economic restoration policies in Asia (Judge & Zapata, 2015).
Extroversion is a critical component of any successful leader. Most of Putin energy is focused on creating and replenishing friendship. Though the attempt to reunite USSR was unsuccessful, Putin has been successful in building major economic and integration blocks in Asia. Extroversion leaders are sociable, outgoing and talkative. Though his social rating has significantly reduced, Putin remains an influential figure who uses diplomacy to influence global matters. These leaders are ever seeking opportunities through peaceful means as seen in North Korea and South Korea situation. Putin has been very comfortable talking with other people, especially journalists rather than be quiet and reserved. While introverts hate interacting with people, extroverts believe in interaction. It provides them with an opportunity to increase their circle of friends (Leutner, Ahmetoglu, Akhtar, & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2014).
Agreeableness is a vital characteristic of leaders. The factor does not imply that leaders agree with anything. However, it means that leaders must be unselfish, polite and moderate on how they handle others. Putin is not only tactful but also humble. He tactfully attempted to renew Russia. When he realized that it was not possible to reunite USSR, he remained emotionally intelligent and still enjoys support from the Russians (Judge & Zapata, 2015).
Most importantly, Putin scored highly in neuroticism. Neuroticism refers to be being emotionally stable, being able to manage one’s temper despite racial and ethnic discrimination. Despite being associated with KGB intelligence, Putin has not downplayed his identity. He has remained strategic and tactical. In his campaigns and world conferences he never showed any characteristics of self-doubt (Leutner, Ahmetoglu, Akhtar, & Chamorro-Premuzic, 2014).
In a nutshell, the big five leadership models of leadership are connected to each other. Openness makes leaders creative. Conscientiousness makes leaders relate positively to each other, be objective-oriented and self-disciplined. Extroversion makes leaders be sociable and be sensitive to other people’s feelings. Agreeableness makes leaders less selfish and has a positive relationship with masses. Neuroticism makes leaders practice self-control, avoid impulsiveness and hostility. Putin has shown faces of an intelligence officer, diplomat, military leader and influential politician. He has shown examples of these characteristics.
Leadership Behavior and Motivation
Vladimir Putin is guile and aggressive leader. These characteristics of behavior were witnessed on how he militarily dealt with Ukraine and Syria. Putin provided military support to the Syrian government, bombing anti-government rebels. Putin is not hiding his nature to reassert power. He was trying to restore power. The claims of Moscow interference in the just concluded U.S election shows how Putin and his administration are determined to revenge humiliation from the U.S and its counterparts in the west (Berger, 2016).
Putin attempted to reintroduce USSR. His attempt failed, referring to this incident as the most significant geopolitical disaster ever seen in the 20th century. Moreover, Putin vehemently opposes NATO’s military expansion (Berger, 2016). Putin worked with KGB Intelligence, an army leader ready to fight and defend his country. He threatened and was prepared to devastate Chechnya rebels. In 2008, Putin took South Ossetia from Georgia. This encounter was personal. Putin was undermining western countries, which were supporting Mikhail Saakashvili, a pro-NATO supporter (Berger, 2016).
Despite being a military leader, Putin is also a performance-oriented leader. During his two-tenure period, Russia has witnessed economic growth, despite economic recession brought by fluctuating oil prices. Despite erosion in democracy, the living standard of Russian people is increasing (Berger, 2016).
In Managerial Grid Model of leadership, Putin perfectly fits in High Production and High People grid. Putin is concerned with the Russians and their production level. Putin has been encouraging the Russians to work hard. This reason is why he is very popular and liked by Russians. Putin has urged Russians to be proud of their country (Rosenberg, 2008). This factor has made some citizens of other countries like Ukraine want to become Russians. Putin encourages oil oligarchs to understand their position in influencing world policies. He makes this segment feel constructive and thus resulting in high performance. His relationship with Russians is pegged on trust. The respect and trust motivate people.
Putin supports and allows opinions from Russians. He believes in teamwork, through which he has united the Russian people. Despite being more of a military leader, Putin is capable of being sensible. He has been consistent in his behavior, even in unusual circumstances. During extraordinary times like when Russia was affected by economic recession, Putin has had a way of resolving the issue (Berger, 2016).
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory best explains Putin’s behavior and motivation. Putin is motivated not only to be politically but also militarily supreme. Putin has fulfilled all his basic needs. At the country level, Putin has done well in meeting the Russians economic, social and technological needs. Russia is a developed country, capable of fulfilling its physiological and safety requirements. Currently, Putin has achieved self-dignity, prestige and status. What is remaining if for Putin to become the best he can ever be (Tanner, 2017).
In a nutshell, Putin is altogether a military and performance-oriented leader. His behavior is motivated by the desire to become the best he can ever be.
Adapting Leadership Style
Contingency leadership theories
According to (Fiedler, 2015) contingency theory is not a leadership style, and these possessions are management, make-up leader, faces a diverse set of responsibilities. Contingency theories which include (1) Fiedler’s contingency theory, (2) Hersey-Blanchard situational theory, and (3) Path-Goal theory shows no one best way of management as successful leaders use various styles depending on the environment of the condition and the cohorts. Therefore, a leader like Vladimir Putin has the aptitude to switch to other diverse leadership styles to suit given circumstances.
Fiedler’s theory claims that successful management depends on leadership style but surpasses the control one. Fiedler developed a least-preferred co-worker score that measures whether a coach is a task or association determined. Hersey and Blanchard created four leadership styles including directive, consultative, participating and delegating which are associated with the preparedness of followers (Fiedler, 2015). As the workers become confident, the leader will embrace a participating and delegating style. This means; therefore, the level of follower maturity determines the correct style of leadership.
According to (Northouse, 2018), Contingency theories like that of Fiedler model and path-goal theory which develops Fielders contingency theory have been criticized for inconsistent outcomes as well as quantifying challenges. Parallel, (Fiedler, 2015) asserts that situational leadership theory (Northouse, 2018) has flaws linked to consistency, continuity, and conformity. Also, research has evidenced that there is no style of leadership that is universally effective and leadership types were abstract and difficult to recognize. On the other hand, (Northouse, 2018) claims that contingency theories are centered on leadership in primary groups and ignore leadership in bigger companies. It is therefore clear that contingency theories assume one leadership can fit-all circumstances plus this is not plausible, for example, Vladimir Putin in an army platoon would have dissimilar leadership problems than a sales manager or a CEO or even a senior partner in a law organization.
Normative leadership theory
A theory that proposes that one of the main purposes of a manager, such as a coach, is to make a pronouncement. In the process of making a decision, the leader must think about the relative significance of the eminence of the decision by his or her cohorts. Regarding the model, in some situations, the superiority of the decision is of primary significance, while in other situations approval is of bigger impact. For example, depending on a specific situation, a leader like Vladimir Putin apply one of three decision-making leadership styles: autocratic whereby the he makes decisions with slight consultation; delegation in which he assigns decision-making to others; or participative, in which the leader makes decisions together with the followers.
According to (Chemers, 2014) normative leadership theory presents two main models; transformational and transactional leadership, which has three dimensions of transactional leadership, they consist of, supervision by exception passive, management by exception active and conditional incentive. Also, it has for dimensions of transformation leadership, namely, individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspiration, and charisma. Transactional leadership, therefore, involves the exchange of relationship between leader and follower to meet their own self-interests (Northouse, 2018). Conversely, transformational leadership allows to pose an impact to the followers and argue that transformative leaders have a unique impact over followers whose feelings of trust, respect, and dependability towards the leader inspires them to make self-sacrifices, devote to hard goals and attain much more than is anticipated of them (Chemers, 2014).
Leadership Influence
According to textbooks power is defined to mean, “The ability of one person to influence others or exercise control over them”. Power is based on the person’s expertise he/she has to show in accordance to competence and also the information he possesses in a certain area for instance politics. There is also a referent power which shows how of a leader charms and how much people admire the influence for instance celebrities enjoy referent powers. Vladimir Putin is a Russian leader who enjoys a vast amount of influence whether you decide to love him or hate him. Putin was re-elected for a third term as the president in the recent elections held in Russia, I believe Putin possesses legitimate power; this is power that is based on persons who hold formal positions and has the authority to control people based on what is right and wrong (Hearn, 2012).
Putin as Russia’s president has all the expertise that is necessary for him to be able to control Russia’s government and hence make better decisions that are well informed. Putin was director of Russian intelligence for a long period of time (KGB); therefore, he has various ways of accessing information. Putin also has expertise as a politician, he is serving currently his third term however people would be quick to disagree with me, the president showed that he respects the constitution when he accepted to step down as he had reached his maximum term limit to serve as president fascinatingly he still managed to find his way back to presidency. The president with the support of advisors he can rule the country with the intention of positive consequences.
However referential power displays the influence that a person has, President Vladimir Putin commands a large following in his country, the people love him as they continue giving him a chance to rule as much as he is in his third term, and they will give him another chance to rule for the fourth term if he runs again. He also enjoys growing influence in the Middle East; Putin went for a tour in the Middle East regions.
Vladimir Putin has displayed many ways in his intention to influence people towards recognizing his regime; he has shown clever strategic policies in his decision making as the president of Russia. Various ways such as information and propaganda, implementing the Russian diplomacy, inviting of investors from various parts of the world and sadly enough sabotage and terrorism are among the strategies. Russia’s main purpose for diplomacy has been to downgrade the cohesiveness and the intentions of international institutions. Russia successfully managed to undermine activities of, “Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE):” in terms of monitoring of elections and democratic development.
However president Putin has mastered the skill of manipulating and controlling the flow of information, hence when Putin became president of Russia in 1999 he first dealt with the taking control of the Russian media this was in accordance to “Information and Propaganda” Russia has also began to move away from its communist policies hence inviting western investors to Russia without discrimination from world’s big multinationals and also small independent adventurers. (Fair Holm, 2009)
Sadly, enough Putin happens to be linked to bombing campaigns, sabotage and terrorism in instances such as bombings in Moscow and Volgodonsk in apartments and Ryazan bombings that failed played a big role in his rise to power. Putin will never seize to be one of the most feared leaders of the world.
Charismatic, Servant, and Transformational Leadership
Vladimir Putin has been able to create a relationship with his citizens in Russia, and, we got a chance to understand the various approaches that were used regarding both Putin and members of Russia and also his other admirers.
According to Weber’s approach in regards to charismatic leadership, it is understood that political power should be simply a situation whereby the leader has the ability to issue commands that should be obeyed by followers, in order to ensure stability in the leadership, the directions issued by the leader ought to be valid this is to enable legitimacy in the authority of the leader. In our 21st century one of the most charismatic leader is probably Vladimir Putin, he has been able to attain respect this is due to his show of strength and decisiveness in his leadership, as the leader of Russia. He has been given a worldwide recognition due to his influence and admiration from different parts of the world. Putin maintains an authoritarian type of leadership whereby he expects cooperation from his citizens in Russia which puts a firm grip on his legitimacy (Zehndorfer, 2016).
However, since Putin took power, he has always strived to bring back Russia to its lost glory and creating a sense of unity among the members of Russia. There have been gradual economic improvements during Putin’s 18-year rule which has made the people to be confident of his leadership. Putin has been able to restore the pride of Russia, inclusive of the army also on the geographical map Russia can be viewed as a major player, this has increased his popularity due to the stabilization of Russia his reign remains strong.
Servant leadership involves a twist on how a leader demonstrates his leadership prowess; this is a situation in which the leader dedicates himself to serving the people which is a different approach as compared to the normal practice of the people working towards serving the leader. Vladimir Putin has dedicated himself to serve Russia and restoring its lost pride since the collapse of the Soviet Union. (Udani, & Lorenzo-Molo, 2013).
Vladimir Putin can be regarded as a dictator by people who are foreign to Russia due to his Authoritarian style of leadership, however what they cannot deny him is the respect they have for him whether they hate him or love him. Putin has taken upon himself to serve his people and make their life bearable, he has emphasized on improving the economy of Russia, and he also stabilized Russia hence making it one of the countries that cannot go unnoticed as a result of the president Putin’s determination to make it great among other nations.
Vladimir Putin has been exemplary towards enhancing his mode of transformational leadership towards the Russians. In the first decade of Putin taking power he had ensured that the economy of Russia had improved and up to now it continues to improve gradually. As Russia’s leader he has maintained that his dream for Russia is to make it great through instituting changes in his country for instance creating a sense of national unity. Through his authoritarian style he has been able to instill confidence among his people hence being able to transform Russia. (Bass, & Riggio. 2014).
Integrative Leadership Style
Vladimir Putin has been able to create a relationship with his citizens in Russia, and, we got a chance to understand the various approaches that were used regarding both Putin and members of Russia, and his other admirers (Fisher, 2016).
Integrative leadership is leadership style which promotes action done collectively across various boundaries to achieve the common good, therefore the Integrative style of leadership results in joining together leadership concepts which have a major foundation in the society this include government, business, media, community and nonprofits (Chemers,2009).
Putin has been able to demonstrate charismatic leadership in accordance to Weber (2009) approach, he has dedicated himself to leading Russia as he has been able to turn Russia’s environs through easing of its tensions hence making his authority valid and certifying his authority. According to Weber’s approach in accordance to charismatic leadership, the authority of a leader ought to be respected and followed thus strengthening the legitimacy of a leader, Putin has been able to gain the trust of his citizens through his way of leadership that has made his followers to be confident in him and improving Russia’s status in the world map. Russian’s have learned to love Putin and respect him, due to his show of strength as a leader hence making him a leader who is charismatic in his leadership through his valid authority (Bruce, 2013).
However, Vladimir Putin in his leadership has been a good example in offering servant leadership in Russia. Putin in his dedication to serve his people he has portrayed mindfulness towards his followers, he has displayed himself as a servant towards his followers, this is through his endless efforts to make Russia great again. The leader through his government has been able to offer restoration of its former glory; the country has been able to stabilize as the economy of Russia has also improved. Putin in serving his people he has enabled the community to achieve what they could not, Putin has been at the forefront in serving his country and showing his expertise in serving the people through his way of servant leadership towards Russian’s. (Hammer, 2012).
Vladimir Putin has been very active in offering transformational leadership in Russia, has always tasked himself with ensuring that Russia becomes a better Russia from when he took power as their leader. He is a leader who has endeavored to ensure that there is the existence of a sense of national unity, he has transformed Russia through his effective changes towards the media, community, government and also diplomacy with foreign states, For instance Putin can be termed as master of PR this is due to the fact that he decides on what people can see and not see. He has also managed to implement gradual improvements towards Russia hence Putin can be said to be a transformational leader. (Hawkins, 2017).
Reference
Streissguth, T. (2005). Vladimir Putin. Minneapolis: Lerner.
Lynch, A. (2011). Vladimir Putin and Russian statecraft. Washington, DC: Potomac Books.
Rosenberg, A. (2008). Vladimir Putin: President of Russia. New York: Rosen Pub.
Truscott, P. (2005). Putin’s progress: A biography of Russia’s enigmatic president, Vladimir Putin. London: Pocket Books.
Fair Holm, G. W. (2009). Organizational power politics: Tactics in organizational leadership. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger.
Chemers, M. (2014). An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press.
Fiedler, F. R. E. D. (2015). Contingency theory of leadership. Organizational Behavior 1: Essential Theories of Motivation and Leadership, 232, 01-2015.
Hersey, P., Blanchard, K. H., & Johnson, D. E. (2007). Management of organizational behavior (Vol. 9). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Miner, J. B. (2015). Organizational Behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge.
Berger, J. (2016). From the Bear’s Mouth: Analyzing Vladimir Putin’s Rhetoric and Its Implications for Russian Grand Strategy. AIR UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF ADVANCED AIR AND SPACE STUDIES MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE United States.
Reference (continued)
Northouse, P. G. (2018). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
Judge, T. A., & Zapata, C. P. (2015). The person–situation debate revisited: Effect of situation strength and trait activation on the validity of the Big Five personality traits in predicting job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 58(4), 1149-1179.
Tanner, R. (2017). Motivation–Applying Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Leutner, F., Ahmetoglu, G., Akhtar, R., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2014). The relationship between the entrepreneurial personality and the Big Five personality traits. Personality and individual differences, 63, 58-63.
Fisher, J. (2016). The thoughtful leader: A model of integrative leadership.
Weber, M. (2009). An integrative theory of leadership. Mahwah: Psychology Press.
Hearn, J. (2012). Theorizing power.
Hawkins, P. (2017). Leadership Team Coaching: Developing Collective Transformational Leadership. London: Kogan Page.
Reference (continued)
Hammer, D. C. (2012). Servant leadership. Place of publication not identified: Pacific Creek Books.
Bruce, J. A., & Francis, J. Y. (2013). Transformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition, 2013. Bingley, U.K: Emerald.
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