racism and sexism

racism and sexism

Question 11 pts

In what way does Peter Singer think that speciesism is similar to racism and sexism?

	A )They all can be habits of thought and action that we should be striving to overcome.
	B )They all involve favoring one group over another on the basis of morally arbitrary differences.

	C) They are all forms of unjust prejudice and discrimination.
	D )All of the above.

 

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Question 21 pts

The video “Meet Your Meat” can best be described as primarily communicating which message?

	A)Modern industrial farming methods involve extraordinary levels of cruelty and neglect of animal well-being.
	B)Modern industrial farming methods are necessary in order to feed the world’s population.

	C)Modern industrial farms are open and honest about the methods they use.
	D)Modern industrial farms take every measure to ensure that animal products are healthy and free of contaminants.

 

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Question 31 pts

What is the point of Regan’s discussion about Aunt Bea and utilitarianism’s respect for human life?

	Utilitarianism feels that human life is sacred and not to be sacrificed under any circumstance
	Utilitarianism would say that God’s law that “thou shalt not kill” has no exceptions

	Utilitarianism might entail that one individual’s right to life can be overridden in order to save many other people’s lives
	Utilitarianism says that human life does not have value at all, and so a person can be killed for almost any reason

 

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Question 41 pts

What is a key feature of utilitarianism according to the assigned texts?

	Utilitarianism bases morality on the outcome of our actions.
	Utilitarianism depends upon belief in God.

	Utilitarianism denies that moral questions have a right or wrong answer.
	Utilitarianism holds that actions are right or wrong regardless of the circumstances.

 

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Question 51 pts

In what way is Peter Singer’s argument in “All Animals are Equal” utilitarian?

	It is based on an absolute prohibition on all forms of killing.
	It is based on the obligation to maximize happiness and minimize suffering, no matter who or what is experiencing it.

	It is based on the inherent superiority of animals to humans.
	It is based on the idea that animals were created to be useful to humans.

 

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Question 61 pts

How do we determine the difference between higher and lower pleasures, according to Mill?

	The preference of those who are acquainted with both.
	The relative duration and intensity.

	Their conformity to religious teaching.
	We can’t, since there is no difference between pleasures.

 

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Question 71 pts

Which of the following describes how egg-laying hens are treated in factory farms, according to the video “Meet Your Meat”?

	They are allowed to scratch through dirt and grass looking for seeds and bugs in the fresh open air.
	They are given ample space to roam and to express their own natural behavior

	They are kept in such tight confinement that they cannot lift their wings
	All of the above

 

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Question 81 pts

Tom Regan’s view of animals is that:

	They are exactly the same as humans in every respect, and should be treated accordingly.
	They seem to have experiences and to care about their lives, which gives them a right not to merely be used.

	Their value lies in the purpose they were created for, which is to serve as resources for humans.
	They have bodies but lack souls, and thus lack any dignity or value whatsoever.

 

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Question 91 pts

What is speciesism according to Peter Singer’s account?

	Allowing the interests of one’s own species to override the greater interests of members of other species.
	The practice of treating all animals equally regardless of their abilities.

	The part of science that studies species membership.
	The view that different species have different characteristics.

 

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Question 101 pts

According to chapter 2 of Understanding Philosophy, which of the following would be an expression of rule utilitarianism, rather than act utilitarianism?

	“Even if torturing this person right now might be beneficial, the overall consequences of permitting torture would be harmful, and so we shouldn’t allow it in any circumstance.”
	“It’s okay to torture this person because it may save thousands of lives.”

	“It’s immoral to torture this person because the pain it would cause him outweighs any potential benefits.”
	“We shouldn’t torture this person because we wouldn’t want him torturing us.”

 

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