personality traits
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When analyzing the collected data from the participants, it was concluded that you cannot determine a person’s personality traits based off of their music preference. When I ran correlations on the data received I found that there was no significance between music preference and personality. The fact that there is no significance means that my null hypothesis, “a person’s music preference cannot describe their personality,” cannot be rejected. My p-values, the probability of observing a certain effect, were all greater than .05 which means there is no significance between the data being analyzed. I believe that I have gotten a type II error when analyzing the data.
A type II error occurs when the null hypothesis is not rejected when it should be. The past research I found all have proven that personality and music preference are related. Study 2 of Rentfrow and Goslings 2006 research revealed that “individuals’ music preferences convey consistent and accurate messages about their personalities.” (Rentfrow and Gosling, 2006, p.241.) Also, the research done by Schwartz and Fouts, they found that “The pattern of findings indicates that each of the 3 music preference groups is inclined to demonstrate a unique profile of personality dimensions and developmental issues.” (Schwartz and Fouts, 2003, p. 212.) These findings lead me to believe that even though my results did not come to this same conclusion that I still cannot reject my hypothesis. I believe one main reason for this happening is the small sample size used to collect data. Typically, the larger the sample size the more likely the results will be statistically significant and not just have occurred by chance. Smaller populations usually result in not being statistically significant. The studies I researched all had large sample sizes and because of this I think having a large sample size would have proven my hypothesis.
There would be need for a future study to be done to prove my hypothesis. For the future study I would need to gather data from a much larger sample size. Also, when collecting the data, I would rewrite the survey to gather the information a little differently. When collecting the participants’ responses for their most preferred music style, I would have them make a list of their top five music types ranked in order from most like to least liked, similar to the way Rentfrow and Gosling did in their research study “Message in a Ballad,” completed in 2006. They had their participants create “a preliminary list of their top-10 favorite songs, providing for each song the title, the band’s or artist’s name, and the music genre. Pilot testing revealed that creating a top-10 list without warning is a difficult task. So to increase the likelihood that targets created lists truly representative of their favorites, we gave them an additional week to think about their selections. They returned 1 week later to finalize their top-10 lists.” (Rentfrow and Gosling, 2006, p. 238.) Having them create this type of list would allow me to better analyze their responses in conjunction with the personality characteristics. Having them simply check which ones they like and dislike left their responses open for my interpretation and I was left to simply choose which style I thought they like best. I would also find a way to better collect the information used to determine the different personality types of each participant. Having to calculate each participants results individually left room for error and was also very time consuming. If I were to conduct this survey again I would need to figure out a way to have the data calculated for me to give me the end resulting figures for each personality trait.
Being able to use a wider variety of participants would also be an important change. Having only one resource, the PSY-510/520 lounge for the Southern New Hampshire University graduate students, in which to find participants, I feel the results would have been much different. All of the participants were graduate students studying psychology. If I would have been able to open up the survey to different audiences I would have not only gotten more than 13 participants, but also would have gotten a larger variety of participants. Majority of my participants were also female. This could have swayed the data collected. There were many factors in this research study that could have had an impact on why my hypothesis was not proven, but the small sample size is the one that affected the results the most. With all of the studies in which I collected research from having proven that personality and music preference are connected to each other, I can only assume that my data resulted from a study that had too many limitations and not enough data.
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