panic attacks
TEXT:
Psychopathology : Foundations for a Contemporary Understanding
by James E. Maddux and Barbara A. Winstead
Original Question:
For this week’s Forum, respond to the following: Describe and contrast the nature of panic attacks as found in a diagnosis of Panic Disorder versus a diagnosis of Social Phobia. Discuss one pharmacological and one psychological treatment for symptoms of panic attacks.
Reply to the following response with 200 words minimum. (please make response as if having a conversation, respond directly to some of the statements in below post. This is not providing an analysis of the original post. Respectfully address it and even ask clarifying or additional questions.)
Hi Class,
The main purpose of the DSM is to help in the improvement of treatment for individuals. This is done through the proper identification of individuals who are in need of treatment while safeguarding those individuals’ welfare in providing the type of treatment they need. It is also beneficial to clinicians who now have a common language in which they can effectively communicate with their patients and can also aid in their research on various mental disorders. Since its first publication in 1952 the DSM has undergone numerous improvements this is mainly as a result of new research and information in relation to mental disorders.
I am aware that there is no perfect diagnostic system and this is mainly why the current DSM has had its share of criticisms. The DSM-5 has both dimensional and categorical diagnostic models for personality disorders. With the categorical model an individual either has a disorder or he does not while the dimensional model makes allowances for varying degrees of severity or impairment. Therefore there is a range for the dimensional model in that a person can have no symptoms of a disorder to have varying degrees of symptoms of the disorder. Therefore the dimensional model is more suitable for those conditions that can be placed on a continuum. Now the current DSM integrates the dimensional and the categorical approaches which is quite different to the previous models which mainly focused on the categorical approach where a person either had a disorder or he did not have the disorder.
In my opinion adding the dimensional approach will allow the clinician more leeway to assess the severity of an individual’s condition without having to make a concrete diagnosis. I think it will serve to be quite effective in terms of research. For example, even though the disorders are still in categories, there have been measures added to determine the degree of acuteness. This is really an added advantage as individuals will no longer be diagnosed with a particular disorder without attention being paid to what aspect of the disorder. The DSM-5’s integrated approach also makes diagnosis more personalized and informative which is more beneficial for clinicians in creating a treatment plan for their clients. I also believe that the categorical approach combined with the dimensional approach will help to provide better guidance to clinicians and ultimately better treatment for patients.
Even though I like the integration of the categorical and the dimensional approaches I cannot help but ask, do you believe this new approach will cause flawed diagnosis? For example, do you see people being diagnosed as depressed because they are grieving a loved one? I also wonder about other disorders, how easy would it be for individuals to get medicine for a disorder (for example adult ADD) that they do not have? Just a few thoughts, what do you think?
Can’t wait to hear from you!
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