infant perception
Question 1
Researchers interested in infant perception of faces have found that
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infants prefer to look at faces over other complex objects.
faces are uniquely interesting to infants.
“when looking at faces, babies have no preference for type of face.”
babies prefer to look at male faces.
babies prefer their mother’s face.
Question 2
Anita’s mother uses the same ice cream scoop to put ice cream into one large bowl and one small bowl. Anita is upset because she thinks her brother’s small bowl holds more ice cream than her large bowl. Anita has not yet acquired
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conservation.
egocentrism.
reflexes.
assimilation.
accommodation.
Question 3
A correlation cannot be used to determine whether
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children who are friendly are also smart.
honesty in school is related to honesty at home.
intelligence is related to friendliness.
honest children have honest parents.
TV violence causes childhood aggression.
Question 4
Bowerman and other constructivist theorists maintain that the important factor in language development is
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built-in biases.
genetically programmed operating principles.
the constraints on language.
the rate of brain cell development.
the child’s construction of language.
Question 5
Research on spatial cognition indicates that
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girls’ play preferences offer them an advantage in spatial cognition.
video games decrease mental rotation abilities.
play hampers the development of spatial skills.
boys score higher than girls on spatial cognition tasks.
it is not influenced by experience.
Question 6
The sequence of pubertal changes begins about _____________________ for boys than for girls.
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one year earlier.
two years later.
two years earlier.
six months earlier.
three years later.
Question 7
A disorder that causes mental retardation that becomes progressively worse as children get older and is also strongly associated with autism is known as ________________.
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Down syndrome.
Klinefelter’s syndrome.
Fragile-X syndrome.
Turner’s syndrome.
Huntington’s disease.
Question 8
“A set of ideas that explains other people’s ideas, beliefs, desires, and behavior is a theory of”
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mind.
cognition.
personality.
mentality.
beliefs.
Question 9
Children born to poverty-level parents who were adopted into middle-class families typically have IQs that are
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identical to those of their natural parents.
10 to 15 points higher than their adoptive mothers.
10 to 15 points higher than their birth mothers.
identical to those of their adoptive parents.
not related to either set of parents.
Question 10
Which of the following statements describes Lamar’s genotype?
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He has brown hair.
He is short for his age.
He looks like his father.
He has type AB blood.
He is an overachiever.
Question 11
Frank has an IQ of 97. He would be classified as
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learning disabled.
gifted.
mentally retarded.
average.
superior.
Question 12
All of the following are part of Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory EXCEPT
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zone of proximal development.
operational efficiency.
scaffolding.
naive psychology.
the primitive stage.
Question 13
“Howard Gardner proposes eight separate types of intelligence, including all of the following EXCEPT”
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linguistic.
musical.
componential.
spatial.
interpersonal.
Question 14
“From six months on, babies begin engaging in ________, which is a sound pattern consisting of consonants and vowels.”
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cooing
babbling
gurgling
fussing
crying
Question 15
Research has shown that a newborn can
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“taste sweet and salty, but not sour or bitter.”
clearly see objects up to eight feet away.
recognize objects better than people.
discriminate his/her mother’s voice from other voices.
efficiently track a moving object.
Question 16
Watson’s Little Albert experiment demonstrated that
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children automatically fear small animals.
classical conditioning plays a role in the development of emotional responses.
operant conditioning is the only form of learning that works with infants.
conditioned stimuli are naturally occurring events.
unconditional stimuli rarely lead to long term conditioning.
Question 17
Research has shown that ____________________ is more important than family income in determining a child’s IQ.
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sibling’s IQ.
good nutrition.
limited television viewing.
quality of parent-child interactions.
activity level.
Question 18
“Billy Jean is a heavy smoker. Her doctor has warned her that research results indicate that if a mother smokes during pregnancy, the child will have”
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foreshortened or missing limbs.
vaginal cancer.
low birth weight.
learning problems in elementary school.
FAS.
Question 19
Maturation refers to
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genetically programmed sequential patterns of change
growth patterns that are not universal across cultures
growth patterns that are highly influenced by environmental factors such as practice
growth patterns that occur in adulthood only
Question 20
“According to Steiner’s research, children can first respond differentially to sweet, sour, and bitter flavors at”
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birth.
one month.
six months.
nine months.
one year.
Question 21
All of the following are common characteristics of children with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) EXCEPT
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larger than normal size.
smaller brains.
distinct facial features.
heart defects.
physical deformities.
Question 22
The continuity vs. discontinuity issue in development relates to the idea that development
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may occur in stages and sequences
is characterized by critical periods
is characterized by either qualitative or quantitative changes
All of the above
Question 23
“When young children use audible language to help control or monitor their own behavior, they are exhibiting”
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overregularization.
child directed speech.
baby talk.
fast mapping.
private speech.
Question 24
A nativism theorist would believe that perceptual abilities are ________; whereas a empiricism theorist would state that perceptual abilities are ________.
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learned; inborn
inborn; genetic
acquired; learned
genetic; inborn
inborn; learned
Question 25
Renaldo is four years old and is experiencing a neurological growth spurt. What skill will he be attaining?
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evidence of some goal-directed planning
fluency in speaking and understanding language
improvements in eye-hand coordination
improvements in memory function
motor coordination
Question 26
Which of the following do reading experts suggest is critical to success in reading in the early years?
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