hyperactivity disorder

hyperactivity disorder

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Neural correlates of inhibitory control and visual processing in

youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a counting

Stroop functional MRI study L.-Y. Fan, S.S-F. Gau, T.-I.Chou

Introduction

u ADHD

u Associated with impaired inhibitory control

u Correlated with hypoactivation of the fronto-parietal lobe (FPL)

u Abnormal neural activity in the Right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), ACC, and parietal regions – hypoactivity

u IFG: higher-level cognitive functioing, attention, inhibition, WM

u ACC: top-down attentional control, inhibitory contorl

u Superior parietal lobule (SPL): number processing

Method

u Age 8-16 years old

u N=25 with ADHD and n=23 neurotypical youth without ADHD

u Both native Mandarin-Chinese speakers

u Functional activation task

u Numerical stroop task: congruent, incongruent, control conditions

u WISC-III

u CANTAB: inhibitory control and visual processing measures

Results

u Behavioral Results

u Main effect of condition – congruent versus incongruent in terms of reaction time

u Marginally significant effect of group on reaction time

u No significant interaction of group and condition

u fMRI results

u ADHD group in incongruent versus congruent condition showed greater activation in R IFG and ACC

u Positively correlated with greater number false alarms

u For larger vs fewer numbers, ADHD group showed greater activation in L postcentral gyrus

u Neurotypical group greater activation in L precentral gyrus and left SPL

u Positively correlated percentage correct responses

Discussion

u ADHD group

u Greater activation right IFG and ACC in incongruent versus congruent condition

u Positive correlation this and false alarms in the RVP in ADHD

u Less activation in left SPL in larger vs fewer condition

u Positive correlation with percentage correct responses with greater activation

u Maybe engaging in compensatory brain activities to make up for weak inhibitory control systems

u Counting stroop as inhibition control task

u May be flawed, may be tapping into visual processing and not inhibitory control alone

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