hyperactivity disorder
format)
Neural correlates of inhibitory control and visual processing in
youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a counting
Stroop functional MRI study L.-Y. Fan, S.S-F. Gau, T.-I.Chou
Introduction
u ADHD
u Associated with impaired inhibitory control
u Correlated with hypoactivation of the fronto-parietal lobe (FPL)
u Abnormal neural activity in the Right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), ACC, and parietal regions – hypoactivity
u IFG: higher-level cognitive functioing, attention, inhibition, WM
u ACC: top-down attentional control, inhibitory contorl
u Superior parietal lobule (SPL): number processing
Method
u Age 8-16 years old
u N=25 with ADHD and n=23 neurotypical youth without ADHD
u Both native Mandarin-Chinese speakers
u Functional activation task
u Numerical stroop task: congruent, incongruent, control conditions
u WISC-III
u CANTAB: inhibitory control and visual processing measures
Results
u Behavioral Results
u Main effect of condition – congruent versus incongruent in terms of reaction time
u Marginally significant effect of group on reaction time
u No significant interaction of group and condition
u fMRI results
u ADHD group in incongruent versus congruent condition showed greater activation in R IFG and ACC
u Positively correlated with greater number false alarms
u For larger vs fewer numbers, ADHD group showed greater activation in L postcentral gyrus
u Neurotypical group greater activation in L precentral gyrus and left SPL
u Positively correlated percentage correct responses
Discussion
u ADHD group
u Greater activation right IFG and ACC in incongruent versus congruent condition
u Positive correlation this and false alarms in the RVP in ADHD
u Less activation in left SPL in larger vs fewer condition
u Positive correlation with percentage correct responses with greater activation
u Maybe engaging in compensatory brain activities to make up for weak inhibitory control systems
u Counting stroop as inhibition control task
u May be flawed, may be tapping into visual processing and not inhibitory control alone
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