Domains of Development

Domains of Development

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Running head: PSYCHOLOGY ESSAY

PSYCHOLOGY ESSAY

Psychology Essay

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Psychology Essay

Domains of Development

The process of psychological and social development can be explained in different dimensions. The physical development refers to the process through which individuals grow through personal evolution from the moment of birth until death. The physical changes mainly act as the driver of the changes in cognitive, and psychosocial development (Miller, 2010 ). Examples of physical development include the growth in size since the point of birth as the baby grows to become potential bigger in size and during puberty they may acquire additional features. Cognitive development refers to the ability of an individual to reason and ability to solve problems. As one develops the decision-making becomes more enhanced due to experience and exposure to many life experiences (Miller, 2010 ). Psychosocial development refers to the development of the psychological conflicts and ability to develop different rationalities. It involves autonomy versus shame and doubt, intimacy versus isolation, generativity, ego integrity versus despair individual versus role diffusion and creativity and productivity versus stagnation (Broughton, 2013).

Theories of Psychological Development

According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development is divided into three stages; pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional. The conventional level refers to the individual’s sense of morality which a close link between societal and personal relationships (Miller, 2010 ). I agree with the theory because children continue to take rules based on the available authority. The post-conventional period morality is defined by moral abstract principles and values. Avoidance of punishment drives the pre-conventional stage behavior. According to Jean Piaget suggested four stages of cognitive development; the sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational and formal operational. There are core components of cognitive development, the schemas, adaptation processes and the stages of development (Miller, 2010 ). I would disagree with a theory to some extent because it is anchored on the development and not learning of information and particular behavior. The psychosocial development theory according to Erickson is divided into eight stages. The 1st step is the Trust Vs Mistrust; the fundamental virtue is hope which occurs at infancy. Secondly, the autonomy Vs Shame whose virtue is will and occurs during early childhood. Thirdly, is the initiative Vs guilt, industry Vs inferiority, Ego identity Vs role confusion, intimacy vs. isolation. The seventh stage is the Generativity Vs stagnation and the last step which is ego integrity Vs Despair. I agree with the theory because it factors in the external factors that impact development, however, it fails to integrate the internal factors (Broughton, 2013).

Personal Development of the Psychology

I would consider having developed significantly since high school in different dimensions. On the cognitive development, the attribute of rationality has improved as the knowledge base continues to advance. For example, the mathematical problems that I found a giant they are now easy to understand and do within a short time. Furthermore, my decision making on personal discipline and ethical issues have significantly improved. On physical development included the breast development, changes in the body shape and menstruations. In the psychosocial development the significant changes I would consider include the development of intimacy feelings whereby I now have a boyfriend and have friends with whom we can easily relate to other people. Additionally, in the psychosocial changes, the creativity levels have significantly improved.

References

Broughton, J. (2013). Critical Theories of Psychological Development. Cambridge University Press.

Miller, P. (2010 ). Theories of Developmental Psychology. Oxford University Press.

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